So get vaccinated when it becomes available to you, and to protect your life and the lives of others, don't visit any of these, Signs Your Illness is Actually Coronavirus in Disguise, 35 Places You're Most Likely to Catch COVID. It will take your body several weeks to build immunity after receiving the full dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Here is an interesting article with data that may indicate people who receive these treatments, such as rituximab, oblinutuzumab, and ofatumab, may be able get a COVID-19 vaccine without compromising control of their disease and get some protection from a vaccine. If you have a cough, difficulty breathing, sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, new loss of taste or smell, congestion, or runny nose. He was treated adequately with fluids and discharged safely. Sars-Cov-2 (Covid-19) Vaccine, Adenovirus 26 Vector (Janssen We recently observed patients with documented COVID-19 develop de novo severe genitourinary symptoms, most notably urinary frequency of 13 episodes/24 h and nocturia 4 episodes/night. And that may be a lifesaving benefit of the vaccine." The classic triad on presentation includes myalgia, weakness, and dark urine. Urologic symptoms reported after COVID-19 vaccination are extremely rare. ITP causes white blood cells, which create antibodies that fight infection, to instead attack your body's own platelets. However, we encourage you to talk to your doctor to see if the benefit of the vaccine outweighs the potential for a relapse. The release of prothrombotic substances from damaged muscles can activate the clotting cascade and lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation. The woman, with a history of PNH had been receiving ravulizumab. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Sperati says early in the pandemic, some hospitals were running short on machines and sterile fluids needed to perform dialysis. It is unclear how long protection will last from those who get infected or those who get vaccinated. The COVID-19 vaccines that have received EUA were tested in large clinical trials to ensure they meet safety standards. He does recommend patients with kidney issues stay away from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and naproxen. Newsweek has contacted Pfizer and Moderna for comment about the cases. ", RELATED: Most COVID Patients Did This Before Getting Sick, 8 fatigue, hemoglobinuria, chills, dark urine, vomiting, diarrhoea or haemolysis following administration of COVID 19 Vaccine Pfizer BioNTech, mRNA-1273 or ravulizumab [dosages and routes not stated; not all time to reaction onsets and outcomes stated]. "There are two types of reactions," says the Mayo Clinic: "Common reactions are likely to happen. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted It is important for anyone, regardless of whether you get the COVID-19 vaccine or not, to maintain frequent hand washing, wear a mask, practice social distancing, and avoid large crowds. The initial coronavirus case documented in humans was in 1960 and described as a cold. All rights reserved. National Library of Medicine "Typically, reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine are mild or moderate," says the Mayo Clinic. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. 2020;383:24272438. The Impact of Coronavirus Blood Clots Throughout the Body. United C.D.C. (8). Okada M, Kikuchi E, Nagasawa M, Oshiba A, Shimoda M. CEN Case Rep. 2022 Aug;11(3):376-379. doi: 10.1007/s13730-021-00679-7. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them: Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. But if you do get the virus, the vaccine may keep you from becoming seriously ill. Or it may keep you from developing complications due to the illness. Rituximab selectively reduces CD20+ B-cells in your body to suppress inflammatory disease activity. 2022 Apr 7;23(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s12882-022-02769-9. info@nephcure.org More serious problems including blood in the urine or stool, pneumonia, or inflammation of the stomach or intestines occur rarely after adenovirus vaccination. 2021;384:21872201. 2021 May 11 2021. There is limited data currently available on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines administered during pregnancy, however Moderna has reported no safety concerns in animal developmental and reproduction studies. Etiology includes trauma (natural disasters, burns, electrical injury), exertion (marathon runners), ischemia or hypoxia (thrombus, emboli), dysregulated temperature states (malignant hyperthermia, heatstroke, extreme hypothermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome), drugs (statins, fibrates, alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines, lithium, antipsychotics, antidepressants, propofol, amongst others), infection (influenza, Coxsackie, Epstein-Barr, HIV, Legionella, herpes simplex virus), inflammatory myopathies (polymyositis, dermatomyositis), seizures, sickle cell disease and rare genetic or metabolic disorders (glycogen storage diseases, carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency, thiolase deficiency, Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency) [12]. An adolescent girl diagnosed with IgA nephropathy following the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Length of time between COVID-19 vaccination and the appearance of gross hematuria, Duration of gross hematuria after receiving the COVID-19 vaccination, MeSH However, viral cell invasion and cytokine-mediated direct muscle cell damage have been implicated [19]. The effects of any vaccine are not immediate. Some medicine that can darken urine are: Chloroquine and primaquine, which treat and prevent malaria. Younger participants experienced systemic adverse effects more frequently than older groups regardless of whether they received LD or HD vaccines. If This Happens After Your COVID Vaccine, it's Not Normal, Say Experts Alrubaye R., Choudhury H. Severe rhabdomyolysis in a 35-Year-old woman with COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case report. The National Renal Administrators Association and the American Society of Nephrology have urged the CDC to prioritize the COVID-19 vaccination for patients with ESKD and dialysis treatment. Before fatigue, hemoglobinuria, chills, dark urine, vomiting, diarrhoea or haemolysis following administration of COVID 19 Vaccine Pfizer BioNTech, mRNA-1273 or ravulizumab [dosages and routes not stated; not all time to reaction onsets and outcomes stated]. Make your tax-deductible gift and be a part of the cutting-edge research and care that's changing medicine. 2021;326:3545. government site. Data shows most people do not have serious problems after being vaccinated. study of five patients with rhabdomyolysis, all five were male, median age 65. eCollection 2022 Oct. Ota K, Yonekura Y, Saigan M, Goto K, Nishi S. CEN Case Rep. 2023 May;12(2):176-183. doi: 10.1007/s13730-022-00743-w. Epub 2022 Oct 11. Methotrexate (Oral Route) Precautions - Mayo Clinic We present a 21-year-old male patient with a past medical history of asthma who presented to the emergency department for progressively worsening pain and swelling in the lower back for one day after his first Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine injection. But Sperati and other doctors are also seeing kidney damage in people who did not have kidney problems before they got infected with the virus. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Zhao A., Tan M., Maung A., Salifu M., Mallappallil M. Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury requiring dialysis as a result of concomitant use of atypical neuroleptics and synthetic cannabinoids. These could be symptoms of a serious liver problem. The woman, with a 10-year history of PNH had been receiving ravulizumab. Last month, a man in Florida died after developing thrombocytopenia days after getting vaccinated against COVID. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2101544. People with underlying medical conditions, such as kidney disease, are likely to be given access to the vaccine prior to healthy individuals. 8600 Rockville Pike Most COVID Patients Did This Before Getting Sick, "You get vaccines to help prevent you from getting illnesses. Rivas-Garcia S., Bernal J., Bachiller-Corral J. Rhabdomyolysis as the main manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019. Accessibility The second survey revealed that a renal biopsy was performed after vaccination in four cases, all of whom were diagnosed with IgAN. Follow-up lab results showed down-trending CPK and AST levels. Researchers have learned a lot about kidney damage in COVID-19 since the start of the pandemic. Severe systemic events were rare and only reported in less than 2% and 1.5% of the participants receiving the 2nd dose of Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, respectively. National Library of Medicine N Engl J Med. Therefore, in these cases, it is possible that there was underlying muscle damage or that the SARS-CoV2 exacerbated the pre-existing muscle damage from myotoxic drugs. If you've had an immediate allergic reaction to other vaccines or injectable medications, ask your doctor if you should get a COVID-19 vaccine. Lasting kidney damage might require dialysis or other therapies even after recovery from COVID-19. See this image and copyright information in PMC. My experience with the Moderna vaccine: What you can expect When New York-based hospitals started running out of dialysis fluid for the type of dialysis used in intensive care, a team from Johns Hopkins answered the call. You should also let your provider know if you think you're having an allergic reaction to Paxlovid. No musculoskeletal abnormalities were found on CT scan of the thoracic and lumbar spine. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. If you have a history of allergies, tell your care team about your allergies. NephCure, and the logo, are federally registered trademarks of NephCure, Inc. Our new brand identity better reflects our mission and centers around you, our rare kidney disease community. You can treat them at home. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. single (1, 3). 1. https://asts.org/advocacy/covid-19-resources/asts-covid-19-strike-force/transplant-capacity-in-the-covid-19-era#.X_NTothKgnI, 2. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/hcp/answering-questions.html, 3.https://www.myast.org/sites/default/files/2020%2012%2008%20COVID19%20VACCINE%20FAQS_FINAL.pdf, 4. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html, 5. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/hcp/answering-questions.html, 6. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations/pregnancy.html, 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32671831, 8. https://www.vaccines.gov/basics/safety, 150 S Warner Road This has helped to alleviate shortages, although intermittent supply chain disruptions remain a concern. Alek Korab is a Co-Founder and Managing Editor of the ETNT Health channel on Eat This, Not That! This content does not have an English version. 2022 Apr 1;61(7):1033-1037. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8787-21. The common and expected side effects from a COVID-19 vaccine include sore arm, redness and warmth at and around the injection site, mild fatigue, low-grade fever, joint pain, chills, and headache. J Med Case Rep. 2022 Jul 11;16(1):273. doi: 10.1186/s13256-022-03514-4. The most common systemic adverse effects were fatigue and headache. Inflammation and problems with the immune system can also happen. 2022 Dec;33(12):2128-2131. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2022091078. Before Fever and chills. JAMA. Therefore, even after getting a COVID-19 vaccine, you will still need to maintain CDC guidelines of frequent hand washing, wearing a mask, social distancing, and avoiding large crowds to reduce your risk of becoming infected and spreading the virus. Some previously young, healthy people who have developed COVID-19 have suffered strokes, possibly due . Keep in mind, if your child has a high-risk medical condition, when the vaccines are available for children, your child may be able to get it sooner than healthy children. If needed, ice the injection area, rest and take a pain medication like acetaminophen (example: Tylenol) or ibuprofen (example: Advil).". If the diagnosis is rapidly established, the overall prognosis of this syndrome remains favorable. Younger patients reported more local or systemic adverse effects compared to the older population. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, Plotkin E., Bernheim J., Ben-Chetrit S., Mor A., Korzets Z. 2022 Oct 13;14(10):e30276. Background: Recent clinical reports indicate a correlation between gross hematuria after the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in patients with glomerulonephritis, especially immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). These COVID-19 Vaccine FAQs are designed specifically with the kidney patient and caregiver in mind. However, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is authorized for ages 16 and older. The coronavirus spike protein has been shown to mediate membrane fusion via the binding of cellular receptors [2]. SCOTUS Now Just Another Congressional Committee, Trump Ramps up Attacks on DeSantis: 'Dropping Like a Rock', Russian Strikes on Pavlohrad Aim to Hamper Ukraine's Counteroffensive, Greg Abbott Criticized for Response to Texas Shooting: 'A New Low', Democrat Sold First Republic Stock, Bought JP Morgan Before Collapse, Conservative Influencers Struggle With Countering Biden's Messaging. Coronavirus symptoms: Signs of COVID-19 infection in your urine include a strong smelling wee (Image: GETTY Images) Strong-smelling urine is a warning sign of dehydration, as well as. Copyright 2023 NephCure, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. He notes that patients with acute kidney injury requiring dialysis are much more likely to die than patients without acute kidney injury. There is no evidence to suggest the COVID-19 vaccine will directly affect your kidneys. He was found to have acute kidney injury, liver injury, and creatinine kinase of 359,910 IU/L, for which aggressive intravenous fluid therapy was given. Most clinicians use an arbitrary CK value of five times the upper limit of normal to guide therapy. Ibrahim A.M., Manthri S., Soriano P.K., Bhatti V., Mamillapalli C.K. The strikes left 34 people injured, including three children, and caused widespread damage. navigator.sendBeacon('https://www.google-analytics.com/collect', payload); Hypertension (high blood pressure)is a common cause of kidney problems. ", 2 Keep in mind, if you get the COVID-19 vaccine, you are not only protecting yourself from illness, but you are also protecting medically vulnerable people in your community. EatThis.com is part of the Dotdash Meredith Publishing Family. The kidneys essential functions have an impact on the heart, lungs and other systems. All possible etiologies for rhabdomyolysis were searched for and were negative. Digestive Symptoms of Coronavirus (COVID-19) - WebMD COVID-19 disease and the vaccines are new. "Signs of an allergic reaction include the following when they happen within four hours after your first vaccine dose," says the Mayo Clinic: 5 Rhabdomyolysis associated with influenza A virus infection. Talk to your doctor if the COVID-19 vaccine is right for you and how your medications may affect your bodys response to the vaccine. C. John Sperati, M.D., M.H.S., an expert in kidney health, discusses how the new coronavirus might affect kidney function as the illness develops and afterward as a person recovers. Additionally, he was receiving ravulizumab which also contributed to the development of haemolysis. They usually don't last longer than three days. Vaccines train your immune system to fight disease. What to Know About COVID-19 Side Effects - Cleveland Clinic Health policy efforts have drastically changed to accommodate the global shortage of vaccines and the vital need for increased mass production. } Electrolyte level and renal functions have been within normal limits throughout the hospitalization. Key: CK: Creatinine Kinase, LDH: Lactate Dehydrogenase, AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase, ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase, NR: Not reported, HTN: Hypertension, DMII: Diabetes Mellitus type 2, CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease, HFrEF: Heart Failure with reduced Ejection Fraction, MM: Multiple Myeloma, SOB: Shortness of Breath. COVID-19 severity is associated with inflammation. IgA Nephropathy with Gross Hematuria Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination. Nephrotic Syndrome and Other Glomerular Diseases. Coronavirus symptoms: COVID-19 infection signs in your urine - yellow 6254a4d1642c605c54bf1cab17d50f1e, 3 Mostly, Sperati stresses the importance of adhering to the basics of prevention, including staying up to date on COVID-19 vaccines and boosters, physical distancing, masking, and hand-washing. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Herein we present the first case of COVID-19 vaccine-induced rhabdomyolysis to help clinicians easily identify such a problem in newly vaccinated patients. Laboratory tests 1week later, as symptoms were resolving, showed more than 4g/dL haemoglobin decrease. Despite the rise in vaccination status among the United States population, limited access and distribution to impoverished countries have stunted the global impact of the vaccine. What to Do if You Have a Common COVID-19 Vaccine Reaction, "Many people do not have reactions after a vaccine, but it is normal if you do," says the Mayo Clinic. Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. Bookshelf Approximately 12hours after receiving the second dose of the mRNA-1273, she had a fever (39C) and chills. However, its use in predicting the risk of acute kidney injury has not been formally established. Allergic reactions can be life threatening. Sulfasalazine (Oral Route) Precautions - Mayo Clinic Comparison of renal histopathology in three patients with gross hematuria after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The two COVID-19 vaccines approved for Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), use mRNA, or messenger RNA, to instruct your body to build the coronaviruss specific protein. Further studies are needed to determine the degree of protective immunity provided by the COVID-19 vaccine for kidney patients with weakened or suppressed immune systems. ANCA-Associated Vasculitis after Moderna COVID-19 Vaccination. -, Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. A dose of the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine is administered at Cal Poly Pomona University in Pomona, California on February 5, 2021. Would you like email updates of new search results? Hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia can occur through direct intracellular release, and rapid accumulation of potassium in the serum can lead to malignant ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. This report describes a 51-year-old woman (patient5), who developed headache and fatigue following administration of COVID-19 Vaccine Pfizer BioNTech. Before Identification of IgA autoantibodies targeting mesangial cells redefines the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30276. Treatment aims to prevent complications and mainly consists of aggressive fluid resuscitation to prevent prerenal azotemia and acute kidney injury. Creatine kinase has been widely accepted as the gold standard over myoglobin, due in part to its long half-life of 36h (vs. 24h of myoglobin), thus decreasing false-negative results. Total and free carnitine levels were within the normal range. In trying to kill the invading virus, this inflammatory reaction can destroy healthy tissue, including that of the kidneys. He denied excessive exercise, heavy weightlifting or body trauma after vaccination. You should be monitored for 30 minutes after getting the vaccine. The kidneys are like filters that screen out toxins, extra water and waste products from the body. Gen S, Iwai T, Ohnari S, Nobe K, Ikeda N. Case Rep Nephrol. Nihei Y, Haniuda K, Higashiyama M, Asami S, Iwasaki H, Fukao Y, Nakayama M, Suzuki H, Kikkawa M, Kazuno S, Miura Y, Suzuki Y, Kitamura D. Sci Adv. Portions of this document last updated: March 01, 2023. Call 911 if you're having breathing difficulties or swelling of the lips, mouth, or throat. Of the two vaccines currently available, Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, neither studied their vaccine in immunosuppressed patients in their initial Phase 3 studies. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. It is very important that your doctor check your or your child's progress at regular visits. COVID-19 vaccines induce severe hemolysis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. -, Al Kaabi N, Zhang Y, Xia S, et al. Adverse event outcomes are closely monitored through different parts of the national vaccine monitoring system. Although COVID-19 vaccines are generally safe and encouraged for everyone, side effects can happen. Kirchdoerfer R.N., Cottrell C.A., Wang N., Pallesen J., Yassine H.M., Turner H.L., Corbett K.S., Graham B.S., McLellan J.S., Ward A.B. The United States currently has surpassed 32 million cases, 577k deaths, and has successfully administered 257 million doses of the Covid-19 vaccine at the time of this paper [3,4]. Reported averages of several systemic adverse effects for the Johnson & Johnson Ad26 vaccine were estimated from the clinical trial data, as it only provides qualitative values in their published report and a supplemental appendix [[9], [10], [11]]. Another possibility is that kidney problems in patients with the coronavirus are due to abnormally low levels of oxygen in the blood, a result of the pneumonia commonly seen in severe cases of the disease. An effective vaccine does not replace your immune system, it helps it. These can raise blood pressure and increase fluid volume in the body, which puts strain on the kidneys. read more about the strict monitoring here. Rhabdomyolysis has been documented with COVID-19, but clinicians should be vigilant about the possibility of rhabdomyolysis following COVID-19 vaccination as early diagnosis and treatment carry an excellent prognosis. 8600 Rockville Pike In the related MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) cases from 2005, viral particles were found in the skeletal muscle-invading macrophages [20]. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Khan F.Y. "Typically, reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine are mild or moderate," says the Mayo Clinic. According to Moderna's website, the Moderna vaccine uses mRNA to provide a blueprint for your cells to build your body's defense against SARS-CoV-2. ESR, haptoglobin, TSH, and cortisol were in the normal range. From a public health standpoint, the goal is for a sufficiently large percentage of the population to be vaccinated so that community spread of the virus will be significantly diminished. The Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines are mRNA vaccines and teach your body to recognize the specific COVID-19 spike protein. You should discuss your options for getting a COVID-19 vaccine with your doctor. While neither of the mRNA vaccines were tested in transplant candidates or recipients in their initial Phase 3 trials, researchers are now studying how the immune system reacts to the vaccine in transplanted patients, including how long antibodies last after vaccination. FOIA The evaluation of systemic adverse effects, including arthralgia and chills, was excluded from the J&J trial and marked N/A=not available. Proteinuria appeared in eight of the 14 (57.1%) cases with no proteinuria before vaccination and hematuria in five of the seven (71.4%) cases with no hematuria before vaccination. The man with a 30-year history of PNH had been receiving ravulizumab. Symptoms can range from no symptoms at all to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Typically, if you had these symptoms you would be tested for COVID-19. You should also reach out to them immediately if you: Might be severely dehydrated. Why is it so hard to investigate the rare side effects of COVID vaccines? Coronavirus symptoms: Signs of COVID-19 infection in your urine include In addition, urine myoglobin can be high, and muscle biopsy can confirm the diagnosis, although it is rarely needed [13]. Intravenous hydration can be decreased to 300500mL/h once hemodynamic stability is achieved and should be continued until CK levels fall under 1000 [16]. Pink eye (conjunctivitis) can be a COVID-19 symptom. -, Voysey M, Clemens SAC, Madhi SA, et al. If you've ever had an immediate or severe allergic reaction to any ingredient in a COVID-19 vaccine, the CDC recommends not getting that specific vaccine. SARS-CoV-2 PCR was negative. An example of this is the flu vaccine," says the Mayo Clinic. We strongly encourage you to talk to your doctor about whether getting the vaccine is right for you and your condition. Continuous shortness of breath or wheezing. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2028436. In the Khosla etal. Polack F.P., Thomas S.J., Kitchin N., Absalon J., Gurtman A., Lockhart S., Perez J.L., Prez Marc G., Moreira E.D., Zerbini C., Bailey R., Swanson K.A., Roychoudhury S., Koury K., Li P., Kalina W.V., Cooper D., Frenck R.W., Jr., Hammitt L.L., Treci ., Nell H., Schaefer A., nal S., Tresnan D.B., Mather S., Dormitzer P.R., ahin U., Jansen K.U., Gruber W.C. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine. (6). Received 2021 May 31; Accepted 2021 Jun 3. A normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood, but symptoms may only appear when the platelet count falls below 10,000 per microliter. Kidneys also help to regulate blood pressure, so kidney damage can make hypertension worse. Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibodies (ab) (includes anti-Jo-1, anti-PL-7, anti-PL-12, anti-EJ, anti-OJ), anti-SRP ab, anti-MI-2 ab, anti-TIF1-gamma ab, anti-MDA5 ab, anti-NXP2 ab, anti-PM/Scl-100 ab, anti-U3 RNP ab, U2 snRNP Ab, ANTI-U1-RNP AB, anti-Ku antibodies, antiSSA 52 KD ab IgG, ANA, and HIV antibodies were all negative. You should talk to your doctor about getting the COVID-19 vaccine for further guidance. mRNA vaccines are designed to do their work outside the nucleus of your cells; thus, they do not interact with your DNA. Some common reactions are shared here: The Clinic goes on to note: "Even if you have these reactions, no matter how strong they are, you should get the second dose of your vaccine as needed. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. Further studies are needed to determine the degree of protective immunity provided by the COVID-19 vaccine for kidney patients who take immunosuppressant drugs and who have weakened or suppressed immune systems. That means it is possible for a person to get infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 just before or just after vaccination and get sick.
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